Altered Body Image: Comprehensive Care Plan
Assessment
Subjective Data:
* Expresses dissatisfaction with body size, shape, or appearance
* Reports feelings of inadequacy and negative body image perception
* Describes body as “fat,” “ugly,” or “misshapen”
* Compares self negatively to others or to an idealized image
* Focuses on perceived flaws or defects
* May engage in excessive body checking or dieting
* Avoids social situations or activities due to body image concerns
Objective Data:
* Body mass index (BMI) may be within or outside normal range
* May have a distorted perception of body size and shape
* May exhibit body-avoidant behaviors, such as covering up with clothing or avoiding mirrors
* May have a history of eating disorders or body dysmorphic disorder
Nursing Diagnosis
* Altered body image related to distorted body perception and/or negative body image perception
Goals
* Short-term Goals:
* Client will demonstrate improved self-esteem and body acceptance.
* Client will engage in positive body talk and minimize negative self-comparisons.
* Client will reduce body-avoidant behaviors and participate in social activities.
* Long-term Goals:
* Client will maintain a healthy body image and engage in self-care behaviors that promote body acceptance.
* Client will develop coping mechanisms to manage negative thoughts and feelings about body image.
Interventions
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
* Cognitive Restructuring: Challenge and replace negative body thoughts with more positive and realistic ones.
* Body Scanning: Help the client focus on the body’s sensations and sensations without judgment.
* Mirror Work: Encourage the client to face mirrors gradually and practice positive self-talk.
Behavioral Interventions
* Gradual Exposure: Encourage the client to engage in small, incremental exposures to situations or activities that trigger negative body image thoughts or feelings.
* Positive Body Talk: Promote the use of positive and respectful language when talking about自己的身体.
* Self-Care Activities: Encourage the client to engage in activités that promote self-care and body acceptance, such as exercise, healthy eating, and relaxation techniques.
Mindfulness and Acceptance
* Mindful Body Awareness: Encourage the client to pay attention to body sensations without judgment or attachment.
* Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT): Help the client accept their body as it is and focus on living a meaningful life despite any body image challenges.
* Self-Compassion: Promote the practice of self-compassion and understanding towards oneself.
Support and Education
* Psychotherapy: Provide individual or group therapy to address underlying thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that contribute to altered body image.
* Support Groups: Facilitate participation in support groups where individuals can share experiences and offer support.
* Body Image Education: Provide the client with accurate information about body size, shape, and appearance.
* Media Literacy: Help the client critically evaluate media messages that may contribute to negative body image.
Evaluation
Short-term Evaluation:
* Monitor the client’s self-esteem and body acceptance levels using validated assessment tools.
* Observe the client’s participation in positive body talk and social activities.
* Track the client’s progress in reducing body-avoidant behaviors.
Long-term Evaluation:
* Assess the client’s ability to maintain a healthy body image and engage in self-care behaviors that promote body acceptance.
* Monitor the client’s coping mechanisms for managing negative thoughts and feelings about body image.
* Evaluate the client’s overall quality of life and satisfaction with their body.
Collaboration
* Dietitian: Collaborate with a dietitian to provide nutritional guidance and support for healthy eating habits.
* Psychiatrist: Consult with a psychiatrist if medication is indicated to address underlying mental health conditions.
* Family and Friends: Encourage family and friends to provide support and positive reinforcement.
* Community Resources: Refer the client to community resources, such as support groups or body image workshops, for ongoing support.
